What is the critical socialization period?

The critical socialization period is from 3 to 16 weeks of age in puppies. This is where puppies are most vulnerable and learn all about the big scary world. It is critical for puppies to experience things in a positive way during this time. Their minds are like little sponges and a fearful experience can haunt them for the rest of their lives and create a fearful reactive dog.

I watched some YouTube videos, I totally know what I’m doing.

Ummm yeah that’s right up there with I’ve raised dogs before. The reality is there are sooooo many bad dog trainers and people with bad advice on YouTube. It’s really hard to know what you’re looking at if you don’t know. It’s great for little training tips, but when it comes to helping your pup become the best version they can be we would definitely not suggest YouTube.

Okay so I’ll just sign my pup up for doggy daycare?

Yeah we’re not a big fan of those either. There are usually a lot of dogs and not enough staff per dog. Plus they won’t take dogs who aren’t totally up to date on their vaccinations and you definitely don’t want to put an unvaccinated dog into a situation like that. We’ve heard some horror stories about doggy daycare and personally would never use one for our pups.

So what can I do to ensure my pup is going to turn out okay?

There’s actually tons of stuff you can do. You can sign up for puppy preschool. Places like The Pet Republic have a puppy preschool for puppies 8-20 weeks old. You can sign up for private lessons with a trainer like Jenny Eifomva of Dogminded. We highly recommend professional force-free positive reinforcement training. We really feel like it is absolutely the best way to ensure your pups are getting the much needed socialization and proper training they need. Please note that not all trainers are created equal. If your trainer suggest a prong collar, an e-collar, or choke collar please find a new one. We’d be more than happy to help you out. A good trainer trains without pain.

What can I do at home to help my dog?

There are so many things you can do at home. While some veterinarians will tell you that you can’t take your dog out before they’ve been fully vaccinated we’re here to tell you that’s actually bad advice. By the time your pup is fully vaccinated the critical socialization period will be over. Now we’re not saying go out and take your dog to a dog park, we definitely would not advise that at all. But there are plenty of safe things you can do. You want to expose your dogs to novel sights and sounds all before 16 weeks while pairing them with some really yummy things like cheese or boiled chicken. You can go to Home Depot and hang out in the parking lot, you can get in the car and go to as many places as you can. Keep in mind that all experiences must be kept as positive as possible. Puppies should also be encouraged to explore using interactive enrichment toys and different surfaces and sounds.

Things to keep in mind…

During this critical time you want to make sure to keep all novel experiences as positive as possible. You want to bring lots of yummy treats with you. If your pup seems scared that’s okay, just move back to a place where they aren’t scared. Do not try to force your dog into any situations, that can create a negative impression on your puppy’s brains and can make your pup fearful for life. For more on puppy socialization see the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior’s position statement.

I’m often asked about breeders and people wanting puppies and truth be told I don’t know any breeders. I only know the ones you guys mention in your Meetup Member of the Month posts. While in a perfect world everyone would chose to rescue I do realize that it’s not for everyone. So here’s some tips for finding a responsible breeder.

home is where the heart is

A responsible breeder will allow you to visit their house and shows you all areas where puppies and breeding dogs spend their time. The areas are clean, spacious, and well-maintained. Meeting your puppy will let you see first hand that he/she does not have any existing health or behavior problems and that he/she is being raised in a caring environment.

MEET THE PARENTS

Responsible breeders want you to spend time with the puppy’s parents when you visit. The parents are a glimpse into the kind of the dog your pup will become. Everyone should be healthy and friendly.

IT’S ALL ABOUT THE GENETICS

A good breeder will know about potential genetic and developmental problems native to the breed and provides documentation that the puppy’s parents and grandparents have been evaluated in an effort to breed those problems out. (This should include genetic testing for diseases where a valid testing protocol is available).

CHECK THEIR REFERENCES

Provides references from other families who have previously purchased one of their puppies. Has healthy, long-lived adult dogs and contact info for previous buyers. The health and lifespan of a breeder's dogs are a sneak peek into the pups' futures. Find out as much as you can about them. Speak to people who own adult dogs bought from your breeder. Have there been any recurring medical problems like chronic ear infections? Do any of them have high-maintenance health issues like food allergies? Epilepsy? How long do the dogs generally live for?

TALK TO THE BREEDERS AT DOG SHOWS

Good breeders are often actively involved with local, state, and national clubs that specialize in the specific breed; responsible breeders may also compete with the dogs in conformation events, obedience trials, tracking and agility trials, or other performance events. They love to show off their dogs and will often have pictures of the dogs in competition on their websites.

SELLS TO PEOPLE THEY KNOW

Sells puppies only to people he/she has met in person or even in a detailed phone conversation, not to pet stores or to unknown buyers over the Internet. Reputable breeders don't sell their puppies to strangers! They want to get to know you. They'll ask you about your family, if you rent or own your home, who will be caring for the pup, etc. etc. Watch out for those who don't ask for much more than your credit card number.

PROVIDES A HEALTH GUARANTEE

Provides you with a written contract and health guarantee and allows plenty of time for you to read it thoroughly. Has a veterinarian individually examine and vaccinate each puppy and has verifiable proof of this. Proof of veterinary care is NOT a vaccination schedule with dates written on it by the seller. This is a common way sellers will deceive puppy buyers. True proof is paperwork from a licensed veterinarian. All puppies should have been vaccinated and examined by a licensed vet and you should be provided with paperwork that details the results of the exams.

what kinds of health testing

A lot of breeders will say that they provide health testing but don’t mention what specific tests they perform or sometimes they’ll say that they did health testing through Embark. Unfortunately those are big red flags. The kinds of testing you want to ask your breeder if they do are, Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BAER) which measures the electrical activity as the brain receives the auditory stimulus of sound, Companion Animal Eye Registry (CAER) which screens dogs for inherited eye problems . Breeders will also test for Juvenile Hereditary Cataracts and check the patellas since Bostons are prone to Luxating Patella.

COLORS

A reputable breeder breeds for the betterment of the breed and to breed standard. According to the AKC website the breed standard colors are Black & White, Black Brindle & White, Brindle & White, Seal & White, Seal Brindle & White. Anyone saying we breed all colors or off colors or even non-standard colors doesn’t actually care about preserving the breed standard. They only care about money. Anyone selling any sort of merle dog is not a reputable breeder so please stay far away from that.

It’s a Waiting Game

Reputable breeders often have waiting lists so anyone who has puppies available right away is very suspect. IF you’ really want to get a well bred puppy then we suggest getting on a few waiting lists. It takes time to find the right fit for your family so don’t rush it. You’ll get there eventually.

STILL UNSURE?

Come to a Meetup and talk with our members about their experiences. They’re happy to talk to you about their breeders and what to look for.

The All Important Puppy Socialization